Effectiveness of Carica Papaya and Raphanus Sativus Seeds as Coagulants for Water Quality Enhancement

Abstract

In this study, two plant seeds, Carica papaya (papaya) and Raphanus sativus (radish), were investigated as natural coagulants for treating commercial wastewater. These seeds, known for their bioactive compounds, offer the potential for a safe, cost-effective, and biodegradable solution for improving water quality. The research evaluated the application and performance of Carica papaya and Raphanus sativus seeds powders for treating commercial wastewater, focusing on key water quality parameters. Jar test experiments demonstrated that Raphanus sativus seeds coagulant, at an optimum dosage of 15 mg/L, achieved the highest turbidity removal efficiencies of 85.75% and 81.24% and COD removal efficiencies of 47.62% and 51.72% for wastewater from Points 1 and 2, respectively. In terms of oil removal, Raphanus sativus seeds also performed effectively, achieving maximum removal efficiencies of 26.19% at 20 mg/L and 54.60% at 25 mg/L for wastewater from Points 1 and 2, respectively. These results highlight the strong potential of Raphanus sativus seeds as an effective natural coagulant, outperforming Carica papaya seeds across all tested parameters.